ICCT

The ICCT has issued a number of consensus statements intended as a guide for policymakers looking to speed the transition to clean vehicles and fuels, automakers and oil companies working to develop products for the coming decades, and officials seeking to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of transportation. ICCT consensus statements represent the collective expert opinion of the individuals participating at that time. They do not necessarily represent the views of any participant's organization, agency or government.

The ICCT has also issued a number of reports, brochures and other types of publications. These materials are typically developed and reviewed by an ad hoc group of ICCT members with particular expertise on the given topic. Unless otherwise noted, these publications reflect the consensus view of the ad hoc team and not the full list of ICCT participants.

Developed by the ICCT during the 2003 Napa Valley meeting, these consensus statements cover a number of prominent transportation topics.


	The Napa Statements on Motor Vehicle Policy English \| Acrobat \| 1 MB The full text priority findings of the ICCT, which serves as a companion piece to the 2001 Bellagio Memorandum (available on the Home page of this site).

	Sulfur English \| Acrobat \| 31 KB The Napa Statement on sulfur in fuels.

	Diesel English \| Acrobat \| 31 KB The Napa Statement on diesel vehicles and emissions.

	Urban Heavy-Duty Vehicles English \| Acrobat \| 26 KB The Napa Statement on transforming urban heavy-duty fleets.

	Bus Rapid Transit English \| Acrobat \| 27 KB The Napa Statement on bus rapid transit systems and comprehensive public transit design.

	Advanced Vehicle Technologies English \| Acrobat \| 68 KB The Napa Statement on support for advanced vehicle technologies.

Reducing fuel sulfur content in gasoline and diesel is a critical step in addressing air pollution problems. Low and near-zero sulfur fuels allow for the use of advanced emissions controls on new and used vehicles.


	10 Reasons to Move to Low Sulfur Fuels English \| Acrobat \| 2 MB A short brochure that highlights the compelling reasons for many developing countries to move quickly toward low sulfur fuels.

	Low-Sulfur Gasoline & Diesel: The Key to Lower Vehicle Emissions English \| Acrobat \| 1 MB Authors: Katherine Blumberg, Michael P. Walsh, Charlotte Pera This paper addresses the need to reduce sulfur in transportation fuels and the benefits that can be realized in terms of total pollutant emissions.

	Low-Sulfur Gasoline & Diesel: Executive Summary English \| Acrobat \| 112 KB

	Gasolina y Diesel de Bajo Azufre: La Clave para Disminuir las Emisiones Vehiculares Spanish \| Acrobat \| 2 MB Spanish translation of Low-Sulfur Gasoline & Diesel: The Key to Lower Vehicle Emissions

	Gasolina y Diesel de Bajo Azufre: Resumen Ejecutivo Spanish \| Acrobat \| 107 KB

	Clean Gasoline and Diesel - The Foundation for Modern Vehicles and Clean Air English \| Acrobat \| 174 KB A policymaker brief on the link between clean fuels, clean vehicles, and clean air.

In spite of progress made in the last decade, many Mexican cities still have unhealthy air. In April 2004, Dr. Mario Molina and other scientists and policymakers came together to develop a strategy to achieve clean air for M￩xico.


	BC Control Strategies in Transportation Sector in China English \| Acrobat \| 27 MB Authors: Kebin He, Department of Envrionmental Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, PRC

	Air Quality in México: Toward Clean Air In a Decade English \| Acrobat \| 229 KB Authors: Dr. Mario Molina, Chair Report from April 2004 workshop in México City. This strategy relies on three principles to achieve clean air: ultra-low sulfur fuels; stringent emissions standards for new vehicles; and retrofit or retirement of the dirtiest trucks, buses, and cars.

	Propuesta para Limpiar el Aire en México en 10 Años Spanish \| Acrobat \| 497 KB Spanish version of the above report from April 2004 workshop in México City.

	'Mata' smog en DF a 4 mil cada año Spanish \| Acrobat \| 274 KB Authors: Ivan Sosa, Alejandro Ramos Front page Reforma article from May 2004 on Molina strategy. In Spanish.

	Urge Molina a renovar el transporte obsoleto Spanish \| Acrobat \| 198 KB Authors: Ivan Sosa, Alejandro Ramos May 2004 article from the Reforma on the Molina strategy. In Spanish.

Negative health endpoints, environmental impacts, and damage to emissions control equipment have been associated with many octane enhancers and anti-knock fuel additives.


	Methylcyclopentadienyl Manganese Tricarbonyl (MMT): A Science and Policy Review English \| Acrobat \| 945 KB Updating our 2004 Status Report on MMT, this report provides more detail on recent studies of the potential health impacts associated with use of this manganese-based fuel additive.

	Status Report Concerning the Use of MMT in Gasoline English \| Acrobat \| 445 KB Authors: Katherine Blumberg, Michael P. Walsh Methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl (MMT) is an octane enhancer that forms manganese particles when burned as a gasoline additive. These particles can be emitted to the atmosphere or deposited on engine and vehicle components, causing concern in either case. Scientists and physicians from 27 nations participating in an International Workshop on Neurotoxic Metals released a highly relevant consensus document, referred to as The Brescia Declaration, which can be found here.

Good public transit is a critical component of the effort to reduce air pollution from the transportation sector. Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) provides clean, affordable, efficient, and fast transportation.

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	Making Things Happen with Bus Rapid Transit English \| Quicktime \| 33 MB Authors: Breakthrough Technologies A 15 minute video on BRT in Curitiba, Brazil; Bogotá, Columbia; and Brisbane, Australia.

	Open Your Eyes English \| Quicktime \| 21 MB Authors: Centro de Transporte Sustenable A 10 minute video on the Metrobus BRT system in México City.

Non-petroleum based fuels can have several advantages over gasoline and diesel in terms of energy diversity and security, control of greenhouse gas emissions, and reduced pollutant emissions. But in order to reap these benefits, care and attention must go into the production, distribution and use of these fuels.


	Natural Gas as a Transportation Fuel: Best Practices for Achieving Optimal Emissions Reductions English \| Acrobat \| 293 KB Authors: M.J. Bradley & Associates A short paper outlining the critical factors to consider in designing a natural gas vehicle program to achieve environmental benefits.

Because the EU has assumed a global leadership role with regard to vehicle emissions, policies adopted in Europe will have a strong influence over the degree of environmental performance that motor vehicles will eventually achieve in nations throughout the world.


	Response to Stakeholder Consultation on Proposed Euro 5 Emissions Standards English \| Acrobat \| 572 KB Authors: ICCT Based on our review of the technical literature and certification test data for passenger vehicles on European roads today, the ICCT finds that the EU could set substantially tighter standards at a reasonable cost.

China has adopted an aggressive timeline for improved vehicle emissions standards but has not yet put in place cleaner fuel standards, which are a critical component of the European regulatory program being followed. Lack of cleaner fuels would jeopardize the investment being made in cleaner vehicle technologies. Use of higher sulfur fuels increases emissions and can cause important emission-control devices to fail. ICCT and Tsinghua University completed a cost benefit analysis of cleaner fuels and vehicles for China, available below in both English and Chinese.

Full report analysis finds that fuel and vehicle standards will allow 1.5 million premature deaths to be avoided over 22 years, including 20,000 infant mortalities. This is estimated to result in annual net benefits of over one billion Chinese Yuan in the year 2030.

Costs and Benefits of Reduced Sulfur Fuels in China: Executive Summary
Chinese | Acrobat | 5 MB

Executive summary in Chinese.

Costs and Benefits of Reduced Sulfur Fuels in China: Executive Summary
English | Acrobat | 750 KB
Authors: Katherine Blumberg, He Kebin, Zhou Yu, Liu Huan, and Nancy Yamaguchi

Executive summary in English.

Low carbon fuel policies currently under development in California and Europe would take advantage of recent advancements in the availability of low carbon fuels. On a lifecycle basis, today's biofuels generally emit 20 to 100 percent fewer GHG emissions than gasoline and diesel fuels. The choice of petroleum-based fuels and feedstocks also affects lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions. The overall impact of the transportation sector on climate change will greatly depend on the types of fuels that are used to meet growing demand.


	ICCT letter to EC President Barroso English \| Acrobat \| 145 KB This letter urges the European Commission to consider policies to lower greenhouse gas emissions from passenger vehicles and motor fuels. In particular, the letter supports a new policy that would require fuel providers to monitor, report, and reduce greenhouse gas emissions from motor fuels.

One of the world's largest and fastest growing sources of air pollution, the marine sector's impact on air quality and climate change has been largely unregulated. Indeed, relative to other sectors, the regulation of commercial marine vessels represents a significant political and legal challenge as ships operate largely outside of national boundaries.


	Air Pollution and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Ocean-going Ships - Full Report English \| Acrobat \| 2 MB

	Air Pollution and Greenhouse Gas Emission from Ocean-going Ships- Executive Summary English \| Acrobat \| 706 KB Executive Summary in English

The number of new vehicles produced each year has risen from 5 million in the 1940s to more than 55 million today. As a result of expected growth in population and wealth, the next few decades will see strong growth in the worldwide vehicle fleet, especially in rapidly industrializing nations in Asia. These growth rates will place a high premium on effective government policies that deliver clean, low-carbon vehicles and fuels.


	Fuel Economy Standards and GHG Standards Charts in PowerPoint format English \| MS Powerpoint \| 103 KB Authors: Updated May 2009 Inquiries about the presentation or the data below can be directed to Ms. Hui He at the ICCT in San Francisco.

	Data for Fuel Economy Standards and GHG Standards Charts English \| MS Excel \| 27 KB Authors: Updated on May 2009

	Passenger Vehicle Greenhouse Gas and Fuel Economy Standards: A Global Update English \| Acrobat \| 952 KB Authors: Feng An, Innovation Center for Energy and Transportation; Deborah Gordon, Transportation Policy Consultant; Hui He, Drew Kodjak, and Daniel Rutherford, International Council on Clean Transportation This new study compares passenger vehicle greenhouse gas and fuel economy standards from eight major countries, states and regions. The study finds that Japan and Europe are closely tied in the "race to the top" for the world's most efficient new passenger vehicle fleet, while the United States lags behind these two regions by a large margin.

	New Study Finds US Last Among Major Countries in Passenger Vehicle Fuel Economy Standards English \| Acrobat \| 174 KB Report Press Release

	Study Concludes that New Technologies Permit Higher Fuel Efficiency without Sacrificing Safety English \| MS Word \| 69 KB Report press release

	Increasing Vehicle Fuel Economy without Sacrificing Safety-An Overview English \| Acrobat \| 106 KB An overview of the full report.

	Sipping Fuel and Saving Lives: Increasing Fuel Economy Without Sacrificing Safety English \| Acrobat \| 584 KB Authors: Prepared for the International Council on Clean Transportation by: Deborah Gordon, Transportation Policy Consultant David L. Greene, Fuel Economy Policy Expert Marc H. Ross, University of Michigan Tom P. Wenzel, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory A report informed by an October 3, 2006, experts workshop titled Simultaneously Improving Vehicle Safety and Fuel Economy through Improvements in Vehicle Design and Materials . The workshop agenda, presentations, and background information are available here on the Meetings & Workshops tab.

In many cities around the world, two and three wheel vehicles are the main mode of personal and commercial transportation. Motorcycles are cheaper to own and often more convenient to navigate congested roadways than cars. Unfortunately, emission from two and three wheelers have long been uncontrolled. The explosive growth in motorcycle usage in cities in Asia and around the world has resulted in a significant deterioration of urban air quality.


	Two and Three Wheelers: Air Emissions Issues Related to Two and Three Wheeled Motorcycles English \| Acrobat \| 596 KB Authors: Dan Meszler, Meszler Engineering Services An initial assessment of current conditions and options for control.

Tremendous opportunities exist to improve air quality, safeguard human health, and reduce costs for vehicle manufacturers by harmonizing heavy-duty emission control requirements worldwide. A variety of technologies exist with the ability to reduce emission from diesel trucks and buses to near-zero levels. At the same time, best practices in vehicle emission controls have yet to be adopted in much of the world.


	A Model Regulatory Program for Reducing Exhaust and Evaporative Emissions from Heavy Duty Vehicles and Engines English \| Acrobat \| 551 KB Authors: Michael Walsh, Board of Directors Chairman, Drew Kodjak and Daniel Rutherford, International Council on Clean Transportation Commercial truck markets in emerging economies such as China, India, and Brazil now dwarf traditional markets in industrialized economies. The ICCT's Model Regulatory Program for Heavy-Duty Emissions ("model rule") distills best practices in heavy-duty emissions controls from the EU, US, and Japan into a single regulatory program suitable for adoption by interested countries.

	ICCT Euro VI Comments English \| Acrobat \| 629 KB Authors: Drawing from the model rule, the ICCT provides comments on the four control options proposed for Euro VI heavy-duty vehicle emission requirements.

This document was started in the spring of 2008, and represents the shared views of the ICCT staff, Board members, and the ICCT Participants. It defines who we are and what we are trying to accomplish in the years ahead.


	Strategic Plan 2009-2011: Fall 2008 English \| Acrobat \| 4 MB

Heavy-duty vehicles are responsible for a large share of overall fuel consumption in the transport sector (roughly 30 percent in the EU and 18 percent in the United States), and even larger share of overall energy consumption for freight transport. With the notable exception of Japan, to date heavy-duty fuel consumption has been left largely to market forces, and is only recently being viewed explicitly through the lens of climate change regulation.


	Setting the Stage for Regulation of Heavy-Duty Vehicle Fuel Economy & GHG Emissions: Issues and Opportunities English \| Acrobat \| 2 MB Authors: Dana Lowell and Thomas Balon, M.J. Bradley & Associates LLC With a focus on regulatory opportunities in the United States, the report provides background information on the US heavy- duty vehicle (HDV) fleet characteristics and identifies the major topics and issues relevant to the design and implementation of fuel economy and/or GHG regulations. The report also discusses potential barriers to the implementation of HDV fuel economy/GHG regulations and identifies key research areas the ICCT intends to pursue in the near term.


	ICCT Policy Update_US 2011 CAFE English \| Acrobat \| 177 KB

The California Air Resources Board (CARB) adopted a climate change "Scoping Plan" in December 2008 to return GHG emission rates to 1990 levels by 2020. The transportation section of the plan covers a broad range of policies and serves as an excellent model for other regions that intend to take similar action. ICCT played a leading role in the Economic and Technology Advancement Advisory Committee (ETAAC), which provided recommendations for the scoping plan.


	Transportation Measures Implementation Timeframe English \| Acrobat \| 53 KB

	ICCT summary of California Plan English \| Acrobat \| 1 MB


	ICCT Policy Update#2_US GHG EMISSIONS CAFE STANDARDS English \| Acrobat \| 282 KB

	Joint CAFE & GHG Emissions Notice by US EPA & US DOT English \| Acrobat \| 197 KB

This is a short policy-relevant summary of the black carbon climate science informed by the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and by participants in the January 2009 International Workshop on Black Carbon organized by the ICCT. It provides the latest knowledge of what is known about black carbon and its climate impacts, and it outlines various strategies for controlling these impacts.


	Black Carbon Policy-Relevant Summary English \| Acrobat \| 265 KB