An overview of experiences with fiscal and other policy measures aimed at financing motor fuel desulfurization in Europe, North America, and Asia.
Assesses the costs of emissions control technologies required to bring light-duty vehicles up to various standards for conventional pollutant emissions in current terms, using both direct and indirect methods to account for technology changes, correct for inflation, and pull in feedback from manufacturers.
Analyzes the causes of high off-cycle NOx emissions from Euro IV/V heavy vehicles that threaten efforts to improve urban ambient air quality in Europe and in other countries that use the Euro regulation as a pattern, and recommends various measures to address the problem.
This working paper, available in English and Chinese, provides an overview of existing in-use testing for CO2 and fuel economy programs in the United States in order to inform the development of a Chinese program.
